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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -w -S $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if 0; # not running under some shell
#
# $Id: mytop,v 1.4 2009/01/21 01:42:10 jzawodn Exp $
=pod
=head1 NAME
mytop - display MySQL server performance info like `top'
=cut
## most of the POD is at the bottom of the file
## TODO: make 'C' toggle color
use 5.005;
use strict;
use DBI;
use Getopt::Long;
use Socket;
$main::VERSION = "1.7";
$|=1;
$0 = 'mytop';
my $WIN = ($^O eq 'MSWin32') ? 1 : 0;
## Test for color support.
eval { require Term::ANSIColor; };
my $HAS_COLOR = $@ ? 0 : 1;
$HAS_COLOR = 0 if $WIN;
## Test of Time::HiRes support
eval { require Time::HiRes };
my $HAS_TIME = $@ ? 0 : 1;
my $debug = 0;
## Try to lower our priority (which, who, pri)
setpriority(0,0,10) unless $WIN;
## Prototypes
sub Clear();
sub GetData();
sub GetQPS();
sub FullQueryInfo($);
sub Explain($);
sub PrintTable(@);
sub PrintHelp();
sub Sum(@);
sub commify($);
sub make_short($);
sub Hashes($);
sub Execute($);
sub StringOrRegex($);
sub GetInnoDBStatus();
sub GetCmdSummary();
sub GetShowVariables();
sub GetShowStatus();
sub cmd_s;
sub cmd_q;
sub FindProg($);
## Default Config Values
my %config = (
batchmode => 0,
color => 1,
db => 'test',
delay => 5,
filter_user => qr/.?/,
filter_db => qr/.?/,
filter_host => qr/.?/,
header => 1,
help => 0,
host => 'localhost',
idle => 1,
long_nums => 0,
mode => 'top',
prompt => 0,
pass => '',
port => 3306,
resolve => 1,
socket => '',
sort => 0, # default or reverse sort ("s")
user => 'root',
);
my %qcache = (); ## The query cache--used for full query info support.
my %ucache = (); ## The user cache--used for full killing by user
my %dbcache = (); ## The db cache. This should be merged at some point.
my %statcache = (); ## The show status cache for GetShowStatus()
my (%STATUS, %OLD_STATUS); # header stuff.
my $CLEAR = $WIN ? '': `clear`;
## Term::ReadKey values
my $RM_RESET = 0;
my $RM_NOBLKRD = 3; ## using 4 traps Ctrl-C :-(
## Read the user's config file, if it exists.
my $config = "$ENV{HOME}/.mytop";
if (-e $config)
{
if (open CFG, "<$config")
{
while (<CFG>)
{
next if /^\s*$/; ## skip blanks
next if /^\s*#/; ## skip comments
chomp;
if (/(\S+)\s*=\s*(.*\S)/)
{
$config{lc $1} = $2 if exists $config{lc $1};
}
}
close CFG;
}
}
## Command-line args.
use vars qw($opt_foo);
Getopt::Long::Configure('no_ignore_case', 'bundling');
GetOptions(
"color!" => \$config{color},
"user|u=s" => \$config{user},
"pass|password|p=s" => \$config{pass},
"database|db|d=s" => \$config{db},
"host|h=s" => \$config{host},
"port|P=i" => \$config{port},
"socket|S=s" => \$config{socket},
"delay|s=i" => \$config{delay},
"batch|batchmode|b" => \$config{batchmode},
"header!" => \$config{header},
"idle|i" => \$config{idle},
"resolve|r" => \$config{resolve},
"prompt!" => \$config{prompt},
# "long|!" => \$config{long_nums},
"mode|m=s" => \$config{mode},
"sort=s" => \$config{sort},
);
## User may have put the port with the host.
if ($config{host} =~ s/:(\d+)$//)
{
$config{port} = $1;
}
## Don't use Term::ReadKey unless running interactively.
if (not $config{batchmode})
{
require Term::ReadKey;
Term::ReadKey->import();
}
## User may want to disable color.
if ($HAS_COLOR and not $config{color})
{
$HAS_COLOR = 0;
}
if ($HAS_COLOR)
{
import Term::ANSIColor ':constants';
}
else
{
*RESET = sub { };
*YELLOW = sub { };
*RED = sub { };
*GREEN = sub { };
*BLUE = sub { };
*WHITE = sub { };
*BOLD = sub { };
}
my $RESET = RESET() || '';
my $YELLOW = YELLOW() || '';
my $RED = RED() || '';
my $GREEN = GREEN() || '';
my $BLUE = BLUE() || '';
my $WHITE = WHITE() || '';
my $BOLD = BOLD() || '';
## Connect
my $dsn;
## Socket takes precedence.
$dsn ="DBI:mysql:database=$config{db};mysql_read_default_group=mytop;";
if ($config{socket} and -S $config{socket})
{
$dsn .= "mysql_socket=$config{socket}";
}
else
{
$dsn .= "host=$config{host};port=$config{port}";
}
if ($config{prompt})
{
print "Password: ";
ReadMode(2);
chomp($config{pass} = <STDIN>);
ReadMode(0);
print "\n";
}
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $config{user}, $config{pass},
{ PrintError => 0 });
if (not ref $dbh)
{
my $Error = <<EODIE
Cannot connect to MySQL server. Please check the:
* database you specified "$config{db}" (default is "test")
* username you specified "$config{user}" (default is "root")
* password you specified "$config{pass}" (default is "")
* hostname you specified "$config{host}" (default is "localhost")
* port you specified "$config{port}" (default is 3306)
* socket you specified "$config{socket}" (default is "")
The options my be specified on the command-line or in a ~/.mytop
config file. See the manual (perldoc mytop) for details.
Here's the exact error from DBI. It might help you debug:
$DBI::errstr
EODIE
;
die $Error;
}
ReadMode($RM_RESET) unless $config{batchmode};
## Get static data
my $db_version;
my $have_query_cache;
my @variables = Hashes("show variables");
foreach (@variables)
{
if ($_->{Variable_name} eq "version")
{
$db_version = $_->{Value};
next;
}
if ($_->{Variable_name} eq "have_query_cache")
{
if ($_->{Value} eq 'YES')
{
$have_query_cache = 1;
}
else
{
$have_query_cache = 0;
}
next;
}
}
#########################################################################
##
## The main loop
##
#########################################################################
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD) unless $config{batchmode};
while (1)
{
my $key;
if ($config{mode} eq 'qps')
{
GetQPS();
$key = ReadKey(1);
next unless $key;
if ($key =~ /t/i)
{
$config{mode} = 'top';
}
if ($key =~ /q/)
{
cmd_q();
}
next;
}
if ($config{mode} eq 'top')
{
GetData();
last if $config{batchmode};
$key = ReadKey($config{delay});
next unless $key;
}
elsif ($config{mode} eq 'cmd')
{
GetCmdSummary();
last if $config{batchmode};
$key = ReadKey($config{delay});
next unless $key;
}
elsif ($config{mode} eq 'innodb')
{
GetInnoDBStatus();
last if $config{batchmode};
$key = ReadKey($config{delay});
next unless $key;
}
elsif ($config{mode} eq 'status')
{
GetShowStatus();
last if $config{batchmode};
$key = ReadKey($config{delay});
next unless $key;
}
##
## keystroke command processing (if we get this far)
##
# t - top
if ($key =~ /t/i)
{
$config{mode} = 'top';
}
## q - quit
if ($key eq 'q')
{
cmd_q();
}
if ($key eq 'D')
{
require Data::Dumper;
print Data::Dumper::Dumper([\%config]);
ReadKey(0);
}
## m - mode swtich to qps
if ($key eq 'm')
{
$config{mode} = 'qps';
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
print "Queries Per Second [hit q to exit this mode]\n";
next;
}
## c - mode swtich to command summary
if ($key eq 'c')
{
$config{mode} = 'cmd';
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
print "Command Summary [hit q to exit this mode]\n";
next;
}
## s - seconds of delay
if ($key eq 's')
{
cmd_s();
next;
}
## R - resolve hostnames
if ($key eq 'R')
{
if ($config{resolve})
{
$config{resolve} = 0;
}
else
{
$config{resolve} = 1;
}
}
## u - username based filter
if ($key eq 'u')
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Which user (blank for all, /.../ for regex): ", RESET();
$config{filter_user} = StringOrRegex(ReadLine(0));
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
next;
}
## d - database name based filter
if ($key eq 'd')
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Which database (blank for all, /.../ for regex): ",
RESET();
$config{filter_db} = StringOrRegex(ReadLine(0));
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
next;
}
## h - hostname based filter
if ($key eq 'h')
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Which hostname (blank for all, /.../ for regex): ",
RESET();
$config{filter_host} = StringOrRegex(ReadLine(0));
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
next;
}
## F - remove all filters
if ($key eq 'F')
{
$config{filter_host} = qr/.?/;
$config{filter_db} = qr/.?/;
$config{filter_user} = qr/.?/;
print RED(), "-- display unfiltered --", RESET();
sleep 1;
next;
}
## p - pause
if ($key eq 'p')
{
print RED(), "-- paused. press any key to resume --", RESET();
ReadKey(0);
next;
}
## i - idle toggle
if ($key =~ /i/)
{
if ($config{idle})
{
$config{idle} = 0;
$config{sort} = 1;
print RED(), "-- idle (sleeping) processed filtered --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
else
{
$config{idle} = 1;
$config{sort} = 0;
print RED(), "-- idle (sleeping) processed unfiltered --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
}
## I - InnoDB status
if ($key =~ 'I')
{
$config{mode} = 'innodb';
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
print "InnoDB Status [hit q to exit this mode]\n";
next;
}
## o - sort order
if ($key =~ /o/)
{
if ($config{sort})
{
$config{sort} = 0;
print RED(), "-- sort order reversed --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
else
{
$config{sort} = 1;
print RED(), "-- sort order reversed --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
}
## ? - help
if ($key eq '?')
{
Clear();
PrintHelp();
ReadKey(0);
next;
}
## k - kill
if ($key eq 'k')
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Thread id to kill: ", RESET();
my $id = ReadLine(0);
$id =~ s/\s//g;
if ($id =~ /^\d+$/)
{
Execute("KILL $id");
}
else
{
print RED(), "-- invalid thread id --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
next;
}
## K - kill based on a username
if ($key =~ /K/)
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "User to kill: ", RESET();
my $user = ReadLine(0);
$user =~ s/\s//g;
if ($user =~ /^\S+$/)
{
for my $pid (keys %ucache)
{
next unless $ucache{$pid} eq $user;
Execute("KILL $pid");
select(undef, undef, undef, 0.2);
}
}
else
{
print RED(), "-- invalid thread id --", RESET();
sleep 1;
}
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
}
## f - full info
if ($key =~ /f/)
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Full query for which thread id: ", RESET();
my $id = ReadLine(0);
chomp $id;
FullQueryInfo($id);
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
print RED(), "-- paused. press any key to resume or (e) to explain --",
RESET();
my $key = ReadKey(0);
if ($key eq 'e')
{
Explain($id);
print RED(), "-- paused. press any key to resume --", RESET();
ReadKey(0);
}
next;
}
## e - explain
if ($key =~ /e/)
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Explain which query (id): ", RESET();
my $id = ReadLine(0);
chomp $id;
Explain($id);
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
print RED(), "-- paused. press any key to resume --", RESET();
ReadKey(0);
next;
}
## r - reset status counters
if ($key =~ /r/)
{
Execute("FLUSH STATUS");
print RED(), "-- counters reset --", RESET();
sleep 1;
next;
}
## H - header toggle
if ($key eq 'H')
{
if ($config{header})
{
$config{header} = 0;
}
else
{
$config{header}++;
}
}
## # - magic debug key
if ($key eq '#')
{
$debug = 1;
}
if ($key eq 'V')
{
GetShowVariables();
print RED(), "-- paused. press any key to resume --", RESET();
ReadKey(0);
}
if ($key eq 'S')
{
$config{mode} = 'status';
}
}
ReadMode($RM_RESET) unless $config{batchmode};
exit;
#######################################################################
sub Clear()
{
if (not $WIN)
{
print "$CLEAR"
}
else
{
print "\n" x 90; ## dumb hack for now. Anyone know how to
## clear the screen in dos window on a Win32
## system??
}
}
my $last_time;
sub GetData()
{
## Get terminal info
my $now_time;
%qcache = (); ## recycle memory
%dbcache = ();
my ($width, $height, $wpx, $hpx, $lines_left);
if (not $config{batchmode})
{
($width, $height, $wpx, $hpx) = GetTerminalSize();
$lines_left = $height - 2;
}
else
{
$height = 999_999; ## I hope you don't have more than that!
$lines_left = 999_999;
$width = 80;
}
##
## Header stuff.
##
if ($config{header})
{
my @recs = Hashes("SHOW GLOBAL STATUS");
## if the server died or we lost connectivity
if (not @recs)
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
exit 1;
}
## get high-res or low-res time
my ($t_delta);
if ($HAS_TIME)
{
$now_time = Time::HiRes::gettimeofday();
}
else
{
$now_time = time;
}
if ($last_time and $last_time != $now_time)
{
$t_delta = $now_time - $last_time;
}
%OLD_STATUS = %STATUS;
foreach my $ref (@recs)
{
my $key = $ref->{Variable_name};
my $val = $ref->{Value};
$STATUS{$key} = $val;
}
## Compute Key Cache Hit Stats
$STATUS{Key_read_requests} ||= 1; ## can't divide by zero next
my $cache_hits_percent = (100-($STATUS{Key_reads}/$STATUS{Key_read_requests}) * 100);
$cache_hits_percent = sprintf("%2.2f",$cache_hits_percent);
## Query Cache info
##
## mysql> show status like 'qcache%';
## +-------------------------+----------+
## | Variable_name | Value |
## +-------------------------+----------+
## | Qcache_queries_in_cache | 81 |
## | Qcache_inserts | 4961668 |
## | Qcache_hits | 1374170 |
## | Qcache_not_cached | 5656249 |
## | Qcache_free_memory | 33164800 |
## | Qcache_free_blocks | 2 |
## | Qcache_total_blocks | 168 |
## +-------------------------+----------+
my $query_cache_hits = 0;
my $query_cache_hits_per_sec = 0;
my $now_query_cache_hits_per_sec = 0;
if ($have_query_cache)
{
$query_cache_hits = $STATUS{Qcache_hits};
$query_cache_hits_per_sec = $STATUS{Qcache_hits} / $STATUS{Uptime};
if (defined $last_time and $last_time != $now_time)
{
my $q_delta = $STATUS{Qcache_hits} - $OLD_STATUS{Qcache_hits};
$now_query_cache_hits_per_sec = sprintf "%.2f", $q_delta / $t_delta;
}
}
$last_time = $now_time;
## Server Uptime in meaningful terms...
my $time = $STATUS{Uptime};
my ($d,$h,$m,$s) = (0, 0, 0, 0);
$d += int($time / (60*60*24)); $time -= $d * (60*60*24);
$h += int($time / (60*60)); $time -= $h * (60*60);
$m += int($time / (60)); $time -= $m * (60);
$s += int($time);
my $uptime = sprintf("%d+%02d:%02d:%02d", $d, $h, $m, $s);
## Queries per second...
my $avg_queries_per_sec = sprintf("%.2f", $STATUS{Questions} / $STATUS{Uptime});
my $num_queries = $STATUS{Questions};
my @t = localtime(time);
my $current_time = sprintf "[%02d:%02d:%02d]", $t[2], $t[1], $t[0];
my $host_width = 52;
my $up_width = $width - $host_width;
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
print RESET();
printf "%-${host_width}s%${up_width}s\n",
"MySQL on $config{host} ($db_version)",
"up $uptime $current_time";
$lines_left--;
printf " Queries: %-5s qps: %4.0f Slow: %7s Se/In/Up/De(%%): %02.0f/%02.0f/%02.0f/%02.0f \n",
make_short( $STATUS{Questions} ), # q total
$STATUS{Questions} / $STATUS{Uptime}, # qps, average
make_short( $STATUS{Slow_queries} ), # slow
# hmm. a Qcache hit is really a select and should be counted.
100 * ($STATUS{Com_select} + ($STATUS{Qcache_hits}||0) ) / $STATUS{Questions},
100 * ($STATUS{Com_insert} + $STATUS{Com_replace} ) / $STATUS{Questions},
100 * ($STATUS{Com_update} ) / $STATUS{Questions},
100 * $STATUS{Com_delete} / $STATUS{Questions};
$lines_left--;
if ($t_delta)
{
my $q_diff = ( $STATUS{Questions} - $OLD_STATUS{Questions} );
# print("q_diff: $STATUS{Questions} - $OLD_STATUS{Questions} / $t_delta = $q_diff\n");
printf(" qps now: %4.0f Slow qps: %3.1f Threads: %4.0f (%4.0f/%4.0f) %02.0f/%02.0f/%02.0f/%02.0f \n",
( $STATUS{Questions} - $OLD_STATUS{Questions} ) / $t_delta,
( # slow now (qps)
($STATUS{Slow_queries} ) ?
( $STATUS{Slow_queries} - $OLD_STATUS{Slow_queries} ) / $t_delta :
0
),
$STATUS{Threads_connected},
$STATUS{Threads_running},
$STATUS{Threads_cached},
(100 * ($STATUS{Com_select} - $OLD_STATUS{Com_select} +
($STATUS{Qcache_hits}||0) - ($OLD_STATUS{Qcache_hits}||0)
) ) / ($q_diff ),
(100 * ($STATUS{Com_insert} - $OLD_STATUS{Com_insert} +
$STATUS{Com_replace} - $OLD_STATUS{Com_replace}
) ) / ($q_diff ),
(100 * ($STATUS{Com_update} - $OLD_STATUS{Com_update}) ) / ($q_diff ),
(100 * ($STATUS{Com_delete} - $OLD_STATUS{Com_delete}) ) / ($q_diff ),
);
}
else
{
print "\n";
}
$lines_left--;
if ($have_query_cache and $STATUS{Com_select} and $query_cache_hits)
{
printf(" Cache Hits: %-5s Hits/s: %4.1f Hits now: %5.1f Ratio: %4.1f%% Ratio now: %4.1f%% \n",
make_short($STATUS{Qcache_hits}), # cache hits
$STATUS{Qcache_hits} / $STATUS{Uptime}, # hits / sec
($t_delta) ? ($STATUS{Qcache_hits} - $OLD_STATUS{Qcache_hits}) / $t_delta : 0, # now / s
# ratio:
100 * ($STATUS{Qcache_hits}) / ($STATUS{Qcache_hits} + $STATUS{Com_select} ),
($t_delta) ? # ratio now
100 * ($STATUS{Qcache_hits} - $OLD_STATUS{Qcache_hits} ) /
( ($STATUS{Com_select} + $STATUS{Qcache_hits} -
($OLD_STATUS{Qcache_hits} + $OLD_STATUS{Com_select})
) || 1) : 0,
);
}
$lines_left--;
printf(" Key Efficiency: %2.1f%% Bps in/out: %5s/%5s ",
$cache_hits_percent,
make_short($STATUS{Bytes_received} / $STATUS{Uptime} ),
make_short($STATUS{Bytes_sent} / $STATUS{Uptime}));
printf("Now in/out: %5s/%5s",
make_short(($STATUS{Bytes_received} - $OLD_STATUS{Bytes_received}) / $t_delta ),
make_short(($STATUS{Bytes_sent} - $OLD_STATUS{Bytes_sent}) / $t_delta ))
if ($t_delta);
print "\n\n";
$lines_left--;
}
if (not $config{batchmode} and not $config{header})
{
Clear();
print RESET();
}
##
## Threads
##
#my $sz = $width - 52;
my @sz = (9, 9, 15, 10, 9, 6);
my $used = scalar(@sz) + Sum(@sz);
my $free = $width - $used;
print BOLD();
printf "%8s %9s %15s %10s %9s %6s %-${free}s\n",
'Id','User','Host/IP','DB','Time', 'Cmd', 'Query or State';
print RESET();
## Id User Host DB
printf "%9s %9s %15s %10s %9s %6s %-${free}s\n",
'--','----','-------','--','----', '---', '----------';
$lines_left -= 2;
my $proc_cmd = "show full processlist";
my @data = Hashes($proc_cmd);
foreach my $thread (@data)
{
last if not $lines_left;
## Drop Domain Name, unless it looks like an IP address. If
## it's an IP, we'll strip the port number because it's rarely
## interesting.
my $is_ip = 0;
if ($thread->{Host} =~ /^(\d{1,3}\.){3}(\d{1,3})(:\d+)?$/)
{
$thread->{Host} =~ s/:.*$//;
$is_ip = 1;
}
else
{
$thread->{Host} =~ s/^([^.]+).*/$1/;
}
## Otherwise, look up the IP (if resolve is set) and strip the
## name
if ($is_ip and $config{resolve})
{
$thread->{Host} =~ s/:\d+$//;
my $host = gethostbyaddr(inet_aton($thread->{Host}), AF_INET);
if (defined $host)
{
$host =~ s/^([^.]+).*/$1/;
$thread->{Host} = $host;
}
}
## Fix possible undefs
$thread->{db} ||= '';
$thread->{Info} ||= '';
$thread->{Time} ||= 0 ;
$thread->{Id} ||= 0 ;
$thread->{User} ||= '';
$thread->{Command} ||= '';
$thread->{Host} ||= '';
## Normalize spaces -- mostly disabled for now. This can
## break EXPLAIN if you try to explain a mangled query. It
## may be re-enabled later as an option.
## leading space removal
$thread->{Info} =~ s/^\s*//;
if (1)
{
## remove newlines and carriage returns
$thread->{Info} =~ s/[\n\r]//g;
## collpase whitespace
$thread->{Info} =~ s/\s+/ /g;
}
## stow it in the cache
$qcache{$thread->{Id}} = $thread->{Info};
$dbcache{$thread->{Id}} = $thread->{db};
$ucache{$thread->{Id}} = $thread->{User};
}
## Sort by idle time (closest thing to CPU usage I can think of).
my @sorted;
if (not $config{sort})
{
@sorted = sort { $a->{Time} <=> $b->{Time} } @data
}
else
{
@sorted = sort { $b->{Time} <=> $a->{Time} } @data
}
foreach my $thread (@sorted)
{
# Check to see if we can skip out. We skip out if we know the
# given line doesn't match.
next if (($thread->{Command} eq "Sleep")
and
(not $config{idle}));
next if (($thread->{Command} eq "Binlog Dump")
and
(not $config{idle}));
next if ($thread->{User} !~ $config{filter_user});
next if ($thread->{db} !~ $config{filter_db});
next if ($thread->{Host} !~ $config{filter_host});
# Otherwise, print.
my $smInfo;
if ($thread->{Info})
{
$smInfo = substr $thread->{Info}, 0, $free;
}
elsif ($thread->{State})
{
$smInfo = substr $thread->{State}, 0, $free;
}
else
{
$smInfo = "";
}
if ($HAS_COLOR)
{
print YELLOW() if $thread->{Command} eq 'Query';
print WHITE() if $thread->{Command} eq 'Sleep';
print GREEN() if $thread->{Command} eq 'Connect';
}
printf "%9d %9.9s %15.15s %10.10s %9d %6.6s %-${free}.${free}s\n",
$thread->{Id}, $thread->{User}, $thread->{Host}, $thread->{db},
$thread->{Time}, $thread->{Command}, $smInfo;
print RESET() if $HAS_COLOR;
$lines_left--;
last if $lines_left == 0;
}
}
###########################################################################
my $questions;
sub GetQPS()
{
my($data) = Hashes('SHOW STATUS LIKE "Questions"');
my $num = $data->{Value};
if (not defined $questions) ## first time?
{
$questions = $num;
return;
}
my $qps = $num - $questions;
$questions = $num;
print "$qps\n";
}
###########################################################################
sub GetQcacheSummary()
{
}
###########################################################################
sub GetInnoDBStatus()
{
if (not $config{pager})
{
if (not $config{pager} = FindProg('less'))
{
$config{pager} = FindProg('more');
}
}
my @data = Hashes("SHOW INNODB STATUS");
open P, "|$config{pager}" or die "$!";
print keys %{$data[0]};
print $data[0]->{Status},"\n";
close P;
}
###########################################################################
my %prev_data;
sub GetCmdSummary()
{
my ($width, $height, $wpx, $hpx, $lines_left);
if (not $config{batchmode})
{
($width, $height, $wpx, $hpx) = GetTerminalSize();
$lines_left = $height - 2;
}
else
{
$height = 999_999; ## I hope you don't have more than that!
$lines_left = 999_999;
$width = 80;
}
# Variable_name and Value pairs come back...
my @data = Hashes("SHOW GLOBAL STATUS LIKE 'Com_%'");
my %cmd_data;
my %cmd_delta;
my %cmd_pct;
my %cmd_delta_pct;
my $total;
my $delta_total;
for my $item (@data)
{
next unless $item->{Value};
$item->{Variable_name} =~ s/^Com_//;
$item->{Variable_name} =~ s/_/ /g;
$cmd_data{$item->{Variable_name}} = $item->{Value};
$total += $item->{Value};
}
## Populate other stats
for my $item (keys %cmd_data)
{
$cmd_delta{$item} = $cmd_data{$item} -
($prev_data{$item} || $cmd_data{$item} - 1);
$delta_total += $cmd_delta{$item};
$cmd_pct{$item} = int(($cmd_data{$item} / $total) * 100);
}
for my $item (keys %cmd_data)
{
$cmd_delta_pct{$item} = int(($cmd_delta{$item} / $delta_total) * 100);
}
## Display
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
print RESET();
printf "%18s %10s %4s | %5s %4s\n", 'Command', 'Total', 'Pct', 'Last', 'Pct';
printf "%18s %10s %4s | %5s %4s\n", '-------', '-----', '---', '----', '---';
$lines_left -= 2;
for my $item (sort { $cmd_data{$b} <=> $cmd_data{$a} } keys %cmd_data)
{
printf "%18s %10d %4s | %5d %4s\n",
$item,
$cmd_data{$item},
$cmd_pct{$item} . "%",
$cmd_delta{$item},
$cmd_delta_pct{$item} . "%";
last if not $lines_left;
$lines_left -= 1;
}
%prev_data = %cmd_data;
}
###########################################################################
sub GetShowVariables()
{
if (not $config{pager})
{
if (not $config{pager} = FindProg('less'))
{
$config{pager} = FindProg('more');
}
}
my @rows = Hashes("SHOW VARIABLES");
open P, "|$config{pager}" or die "$!";
for my $row (@rows)
{
my $name = $row->{Variable_name};
my $value = $row->{Value};
printf P "%32s: %s\n", $name, $value;
}
close P;
}
###########################################################################
sub GetShowStatus()
{
Clear() unless $config{batchmode};
my @rows = Hashes("SHOW GLOBAL STATUS");
printf "%32s %10s %10s\n", 'Counter', 'Total', 'Change';
printf "%32s %10s %10s\n", '-------', '-----', '------';
for my $row (@rows)
{
my $name = $row->{Variable_name};
my $value = $row->{Value};
my $old = $statcache{$name};
my $delta = 0;
next if $name =~ m/^Com_/; ## skip Com_ stats
next if $value =~ m/^[^0-9]*$/; ## skip non-numeric
## TODO: if Qcache is off, we should skip Qcache_ values
if ($HAS_COLOR and defined $old and $old =~ /^\d/)
{
if ($value > $old)
{
print YELLOW();
$delta = $value - $old;
}
elsif ($value < $old)
{
print RED();
$delta = $value - $old;
}
if (not $config{idle} and $value == $old)
{
# filter unchanging stats, maybe
print RESET();
next;
}
}
printf "%32s: %10s %10s\n", $name, $value, $delta;
print RESET() if $HAS_COLOR;
$statcache{$name} = $value;
}
}
###########################################################################
sub FullQueryInfo($)
{
my $id = shift;
if (not exists $qcache{$id} or not defined $qcache{$id})
{
print "*** Invalid id. ***\n";
return;
}
my $sql = $qcache{$id};
print $CLEAR;
print "Thread $id was executing following query:\n\n";
print YELLOW(), $sql,"\n\n", RESET();
}
###########################################################################
sub Explain($)
{
my $id = shift;
if (not exists $qcache{$id} or not defined $qcache{$id})
{
print "*** Invalid id. ***\n";
return;
}
my $sql = $qcache{$id};
my $db = $dbcache{$id};
Execute("USE $db");
my @info = Hashes("EXPLAIN $sql");
print $CLEAR;
print "EXPLAIN $sql:\n\n";
PrintTable(@info);
}
###########################################################################
sub PrintTable(@)
{
my $cnt = 1;
my @cols = qw(table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra);
for my $row (@_)
{
print "*** row $cnt ***\n";
for my $key (@cols)
{
my $val = $row->{$key} || 'NULL';
printf "%15s: %s\n", $key, $val;
}
$cnt++;
}
}
###########################################################################
sub StringOrRegex($)
{
my $input = shift;
chomp $input;
if (defined $input)
{
# regex, strip /.../ and use via qr//
if ($input =~ m{^/} and $input =~ m{/$})
{
$input =~ s{^/}{} if $config{filter_user};
$input =~ s{/$}{} if $config{filter_user};
$input = qr/$input/;
}
# reset to match anything
elsif ($input eq '')
{
$input = qr/.*/;
}
# string, build a simple regex
else
{
$input = '^' . $input . '$';
$input = qr/$input/;
}
}
# reset to match anything
else
{
$input = qr/.*/;
}
return $input;
}
###########################################################################
sub cmd_s
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print RED(), "Seconds of Delay: ", RESET();
my $secs = ReadLine(0);
if ($secs =~ /^\s*(\d+)/)
{
$config{delay} = $1;
if ($config{delay} < 1)
{
$config{delay} = 1;
}
}
ReadMode($RM_NOBLKRD);
}
sub cmd_q
{
ReadMode($RM_RESET);
print "\n";
exit;
}
###########################################################################
sub PrintHelp()
{
my $help = qq[
Help for mytop version $main::VERSION by Jeremy D. Zawodny <${YELLOW}Jeremy\@Zawodny.com${RESET}>
? - display this screen
# - toggle short/long numbers (not yet implemented)
c - command summary view (based on Com_* counters)
d - show only a specific database
e - explain the query that a thread is running
f - show full query info for a given thread
F - unFilter the dispaly
h - show only a specifc host's connections
H - toggle the mytop header
i - toggle the display of idle (sleeping) threads
I - show innodb status
k - kill a thread
p - pause the display
m - switch [mode] to qps (queries/sec) scrolling view
o - reverse the sort order (toggle)
q - quit
r - reset the status counters (via FLUSH STATUS on your server)
s - change the delay between screen updates
t - switch to thread view (default)
u - show only a specific user
: - enter a command (not yet implemented)
${GREEN}http://jeremy.zawodny.com/mysql/mytop/${RESET}
];
print $help;
}
sub Sum(@)
{
my $sum;
while (my $val = shift @_) { $sum += $val; }
return $sum;
}
## A useful routine from perlfaq
sub commify($)
{
local $_ = shift;
return 0 unless defined $_;
1 while s/^([-+]?\d+)(\d{3})/$1,$2/;
return $_;
}
## Compact numeric representation (10,000 -> 10.0k)
sub make_short($)
{
my $number = shift;
return commify($number) if $config{long_nums};
my $n = 0;
while ($number > 1_025) { $number /= 1024; $n++; };
return sprintf "%.1f%s", $number, ('','k','M','G', 'T')[$n];
}
## Run a query and return the records has an array of hashes.
sub Hashes($)
{
my $sql = shift;
my @records;
if (my $sth = Execute($sql))
{
while (my $ref = $sth->fetchrow_hashref)
{
print "record\n" if $debug;
push @records, $ref;
}
}
return @records;
}
## Execute an SQL query and return the statement handle.
sub Execute($)
{
my $sql = shift;
my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
if (not $sth) { ReadMode($RM_RESET); die $DBI::errstr; }
my $ReturnCode = $sth->execute;
if (not $ReturnCode)
{
if ($debug)
{
print "query failed\n";
sleep 10;
}
return undef;
}
return $sth;
}
sub FindProg($)
{
my $prog = shift;
my $found = undef;
my @search_dirs = ("/bin", "/usr/bin", "/usr/sbin",
"/usr/local/bin", "/usr/local/sbin");
for (@search_dirs)
{
my $loc = "$_/$prog";
if (-e $loc)
{
$found = $loc;
last;
}
}
return $found;
}
=pod
=head1 SYNOPSIS
B<mytop> [options]
=head1 AVAILABILITY
The latest version of B<mytop> is available from
http://jeremy.zawodny.com/mysql/mytop/ it B<might> also be on CPAN as
well.
=head1 REQUIREMENTS
In order for B<mytop> to function properly, you must have the
following:
* Perl 5.005 or newer
* Getopt::Long
* DBI and DBD::mysql
* Term::ReadKey from CPAN
Most systems are likely to have all of those installed--except for
Term::ReadKey. You will need to pick that up from the CPAN. You can
pick up Term::ReadKey here:
http://search.cpan.org/search?dist=TermReadKey
And you obviously need access to a MySQL server (version 3.22.x or
3.23.x) with the necessary security to run the I<SHOW PROCESSLIST> and
I<SHOW GLOBAL STATUS> commands.
If you are a Windows user, using ActiveState's Perl, you can use PPM
(the Perl Package Manager) to install the MySQL and Term::ReadKey
modules.
=head2 Optional Color Support
In additon, if you want a color B<mytop> (recommended), install
Term::ANSIColor from the CPAN:
http://search.cpan.org/search?dist=ANSIColor
Once you do, B<mytop> will automatically use it. However, color is not
yet working on Windows. Patches welcome. :-)
=head2 Optional Hi-Res Timing
If you want B<mytop> to provide more accurate real-time
queries-per-second statistics, install the Time::HiRes module from
CPAN. B<mytop> will automatically notice that you have it and use it
rather than the standard timing mechanism.
=head2 Platforms
B<mytop> is known to work on:
* Linux (2.2.x, 2.4.x)
* FreeBSD (2.2, 3.x, 4.x)
* Mac OS X
* BSDI 4.x
* Solaris 2.x
* Windows NT 4.x (ActivePerl)
If you find that it works on another platform, please let me
know. Given that it is all Perl code, I expect it to be rather
portable to Unix and Unix-like systems. Heck, it I<might> even work on
Win32 systems.
=head1 DESCRIPTION
Help is always welcome in improving this software. Feel free to
contact the author (see L<"AUTHOR"> below) with bug reports, fixes,
suggestions, and comments. Additionally L<"BUGS"> will provide a list
of things this software is not able to do yet.
Having said that, here are the details on how it works and what you can
do with it.
=head2 The Basics
B<mytop> was inspired by the system monitoring tool B<top>. I
routinely use B<top> on Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris. You are likely to
notice features from each of them here.
B<mytop> will connect to a MySQL server and periodically run the
I<SHOW PROCESSLIST> and I<SHOW GLOBAL STATUS> commands and attempt to
summarize the information from them in a useful format.
=head2 The Display
The B<mytop> display screen is really broken into two parts. The top 4
lines (header) contain summary information about your MySQL
server. For example, you might see something like:
MySQL on localhost (4.0.13-log) up 1+11:13:00 [23:29:11]
Queries: 19.3M qps: 160 Slow: 1.0 Se/In/Up/De(%): 00/80/03/17
qps now: 219 Slow qps: 0.0 Threads: 1 ( 1/ 16) 00/74/00/25
Key Efficiency: 99.3% Bps in/out: 30.5k/162.8 Now in/out: 32.7k/ 3.3k
The first line identifies the hostname of the server (localhost) and
the version of MySQL it is running. The right had side shows the
uptime of the MySQL server process in days+hours:minutes:seconds
format (much like FreeBSD's top) as well as the current time.
The second line displays the total number of queries the server has
processed, the average number of queries per second, the number of
slow queries, and the percentage of Select, Insert, Update, and Delete
queries.
The third real-time values. First is the number of queries per second,
then the number of slow queries, followed by query precentages (like
on the previous line).
And the fourth line displays key buffer efficiency (how often keys are
read from the buffer rather than disk) and the number of bytes that
MySQL has sent and received, both over all and in the last cycle.
You can toggle the header by hitting B<h> when running B<mytop>.
The second part of the display lists as many threads as can fit on
screen. By default they are sorted according to their idle time (least
idle first). The display looks like:
Id User Host Dbase Time Cmd Query or State
-- ---- ---- ----- ---- --- --------------
61 jzawodn localhost music 0 Query show processlist
As you can see, the thread id, username, host from which the user is
connecting, database to which the user is connected, number of seconds
of idle time, the command the thread is executing, and the query info
are all displayed.
Often times the query info is what you are really interested in, so it
is good to run B<mytop> in an xterm that is wider than the normal 80
columns if possible.
The thread display color-codes the threads if you have installed color
support. The current color scheme only works well in a window with a
dark (like black) background. The colors are selected according to the
C<Command> column of the display:
Query - Yellow
Sleep - White
Connect - Green
Those are purely arbitrary and will be customizable in a future
release. If they annoy you just start B<mytop> with the B<-nocolor>
flag or adjust your config file appropriately.
=head2 Arguments
B<mytop> handles long and short command-line arguments. Not all
options have both long and short formats, however. The long arguments
can start with one or two dashes `-' or `--'. They are shown here with
just one.
=over
=item B<-u> or B<-user> username
Username to use when logging in to the MySQL server. Default: ``root''.
=item B<-p> or B<-pass> or B<-password> password
Password to use when logging in to the MySQL server. Default: none.
=item B<-h> or B<-host> hostname[:port]
Hostname of the MySQL server. The hostname may be followed by an
option port number. Note that the port is specified separate from the
host when using a config file. Default: ``localhost''.
=item B<-port> or B<-P> port
If you're running MySQL on a non-standard port, use this to specify
the port number. Default: 3306.
=item B<-s> or B<-delay> seconds
How long between display refreshes. Default: 5
=item B<-d> or B<-db> or B<-database> database
Use if you'd like B<mytop> to connect to a specific database by
default. Default: ``test''.
=item B<-b> or B<-batch> or B<-batchmode>
In batch mode, mytop runs only once, does not clear the screen, and
places no limit on the number of lines it will print. This is suitable
for running periodically (perhaps from cron) to capture the
information into a file for later viewing. You might use batch mode in
a CGI script to occasionally display your MySQL server status on the
web.
Default: unset.
=item B<-S> or B<-socket> /path/to/socket
If you're running B<mytop> on the same host as MySQL, you may wish to
have it use the MySQL socket directly rather than a standard TCP/IP
connection. If you do,just specify one.
Note that specifying a socket will make B<mytop> ignore any host
and/or port that you might have specified. If the socket does not
exist (or the file specified is not a socket), this option will be
ignored and B<mytop> will use the hostname and port number instead.
Default: none.
=item B<-header> or B<-noheader>
Sepcify if you want the header to display or not. You can toggle this
with the B<h> key while B<mytop> is running.
Default: header.
=item B<-color> or B<-nocolor>
Specify if you want a color display. This has no effect if you don't
have color support available.
Default: If you have color support, B<mytop> will try color unless you
tell it not to.
=item B<-i> or B<-idle> or B<-noidle>
Specify if you want idle (sleeping) threads to appear in the list. If
sleeping threads are omitted, the default sorting order is reversed so
that the longest running queries appear at the top of the list.
Default: idle.
=item B<-prompt> or B<-noprompt>
Specify if you want to be prompted to type in your database password.
This provides a little bit more security since it not only prevents
the password from viewable in a process list, but also doesn't require
the password to be stored in plain text in your ~/.mytop config file.
You will B<only> be prompted if a password has not been specified in
your config file or through another command line option.
Default: noprompt.
=item B<-resolve>
If you have skip-resolve set on MySQL (to keep it from doing a reverse
DNS lookup on each inbound connection), mytop can replace IP addresses
with hostnames but toggling this option.
Default: noresolve
=back
Command-line arguments will always take precedence over config file
options. That happens because the config file is read I<BEFORE> the
command-line arguments are applied.
=head2 Config File
Instead of always using bulky command-line parameters, you can also
use a config file in your home directory (C<~/.mytop>). If present,
B<mytop> will read it automatically. It is read I<before> any of your
command-line arguments are processed, so your command-line arguments
will override directives in the config file.
Here is a sample config file C<~/.mytop> which implements the defaults
described above.
user=root
pass=
host=localhost
db=test
delay=5
port=3306
socket=
batchmode=0
header=1
color=1
idle=1
Using a config file will help to ensure that your database password
isn't visible to users on the command-line. Just make sure that the
permissions on C<~/.mytop> are such that others cannot read it (unless
you want them to, of course).
You may have white space on either side of the C<=> in lines of the
config file.
=head2 Shortcut Keys
The following keys perform various actions while B<mytop> is
running. Those which have not been implemented are listed as
such. They are included to give the user idea of what is coming.
=over
=item B<?>
Display help.
=item B<c>
Show "command counters" based on the Com_* values in SHOW GLOBAL
STATUS. This is a new feature. Feedback welcome.
=item B<d>
Show only threads connected to a particular database.
=item B<f>
Given a thread id, display the entire query that thread was (and still
may be) running.
=item B<F>
Disable all filtering (host, user, and db).
=item B<h>
Only show queries from a particular host.
=item B<H>
Toggle the header display. You can also specify either C<header=0> or
C<header=1> in your config file to set the default behavior.
=item B<i>
Toggle the display of idle (sleeping) threads. If sleeping threads are
filtered, the default sorting order is reversed so that the longest
running queries appear at the top of the list.
=item B<I>
Switch to InnoDB Status mode. The output of "SHOW INNODB STATUS" will
be displayed every cycle. In a future version, this may actually
summarize that data rather than producing raw output.
=item B<k>
Kill a thread.
=item B<m>
Toggle modes. Currently this switches from `top' mode to `qps'
(Queries Per Second Mode). In this mode, mytop will write out one
integer per second. The number written reflects the number of queries
executed by the server in the previous one second interval.
More modes may be added in the future.
=item B<o>
Reverse the default sort order.
=item B<p>
Pause display.
=item B<q>
Quit B<mytop>
=item B<r>
Reset the server's status counters via a I<FLUSH STATUS> command.
=item B<s>
Change the sleep time (number of seconds between display refreshes).
=item B<u>
Show only threads owned by a giver user.
=back
The B<s> key has a command-line counterpart: B<-s>.
The B<h> key has two command-line counterparts: B<-header> and
B<-noheader>.
=head1 BUGS
This is more of a BUGS + WishList.
Some performance information is not available when talking to a
version 3.22.x MySQL server. Additional information (about threads
mostly) was added to the output of I<SHOW STATUS> in MySQL 3.23.x and
B<mytop> makes use of it. If the information is not available, you
will simply see zeros where the real numbers should be.
Simply running this program will increase your overall counters (such
as the number of queries run). But you may or may not view that as a
bug.
B<mytop> consumes too much CPU time when running (verified on older
versions of Linux and FreeBSD). It's likely a problem related to
Term::ReadKey. I haven't had time to investigate yet, so B<mytop> now
automatically lowers its priority when you run it. You may also think
about running B<mytop> on another workstation instead of your database
server. However, C<mytop> on Solaris does B<not> have this problem.
Newer versions of Linux and FreeBSD seem to have fixed this.
You can't specify the maximum number of threads to list. If you have
many threads and a tall xterm, B<mytop> will always try to display as
many as it can fit.
The size of most of the columns in the display has a small maximum
width. If you have fairly long database/user/host names the display
may appear odd. I have no good idea as to how best to deal with that
yet. Suggestions are welcome.
It'd be nice if you could just add B<mytop> configuration directives
in your C<my.cnf> file instead of having a separate config file.
You should be able to specify the columns you'd like to see in the
display and the order in which they appear. If you only have one
username that connects to your database, it's probably not worth
having the User column appear, for example.
=head1 AUTHOR
mytop was developed and is maintained by Jeremy D. Zawodny
(Jeremy@Zawodny.com).
If you wish to e-mail me regarding this software, B<PLEASE> subscribe
to the B<mytop> mailing list. See the B<mytop> homepage for details.
=head1 DISCLAIMER
While I use this software in my job at Yahoo!, I am solely responsible
for it. Yahoo! does not necessarily support this software in any
way. It is merely a personal idea which happened to be very useful in
my job.
=head1 RECRUITING
If you hack Perl and grok MySQL, come work at Yahoo! Contact me for
details. Or just send me your resume. Er, unless we just had layoffs,
in which case we're not hiring. :-(
=head1 SEE ALSO
Please check the MySQL manual if you're not sure where some of the
output of B<mytop> is coming from.
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2000-2001, Jeremy D. Zawodny.
=head1 CREDITS
Fix a bug. Add a feature. See your name here!
Many thanks go to these fine folks:
=over
=item Sami Ahlroos (sami@avis-net.de)
Suggested the idle/noidle stuff.
=item Jan Willamowius (jan@janhh.shnet.org)
Mirnor bug report. Documentation fixes.
=item Alex Osipov (alex@acky.net)
Long command-line options, Unix socket support.
=item Stephane Enten (tuf@grolier.fr)
Suggested batch mode.
=item Richard Ellerbrock (richarde@eskom.co.za)
Bug reports and usability suggestions.
=item William R. Mattil (wrm@newton.irngtx.tel.gte.com)
Bug report about empty passwords not working.
=item Benjamin Pflugmann (philemon@spin.de)
Suggested -P command-line flag as well as other changes.
=item Justin Mecham <justin@aspect.net>
Suggested setting $0 to `mytop'.
=item Thorsten Kunz <thorsten.kunz@de.tiscali.com>
Provided a fix for cases when we try remove the domain name from the
display even if it is actually an IP address.
=item Sasha Pachev <sasha@mysql.com>
Provided the idea of real-time queries per second in the main display.
=item Paul DuBois <paul@snake.net>
Pointed out some option-handling bugs.
=item Mike Wexler <mwexler@tias.com>
Suggested that we don't mangle (normalize) whitespace in query info by
default.
=item Mark Zweifel <markez@yahoo-inc.com>
Make the --idle command-line argument negatable.
=item Axel Schwenke <schwenke@jobpilot.de>
Noticed the inccorect formula for query cache hit percentages in
version 1.2.
=item Steven Roussey <sroussey@network54.com>
Supplied a patch to help filter binary junk in queries so that
terminals don't freak out.
=item jon r. luini <falcon@chime.com>
Supplied a patch that formed the basis for C<-prompt> support. Sean
Leach <sleach@wiggum.com> submitted a similar patch.
=item Yogish Baliga <baliga@yahoo-inc.com>
Supplied a patch that formed the basis for C<-resolve> support.
=item Per Andreas Buer <perbu@linpro.no>
Supplied an excellent patch to tidy up the top display. This includes
showing most values in short form, such as 10k rather than 10000.
=back
See the Changes file on the B<mytop> distribution page for more
details on what has changed.
=head1 LICENSE
B<mytop> is licensed under the GNU General Public License version
2. For the full license information, please visit
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
=cut
__END__