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Unit Testing Class
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<h1>Unit Testing Class</h1>
<p>Unit testing is an approach to software development in which tests are written for each function in your application.
If you are not familiar with the concept you might do a little googling on the subject.</p>
<p>CodeIgniter's Unit Test class is quite simple, consisting of an evaluation function and two result functions.
It's not intended to be a full-blown test suite but rather a simple mechanism to evaluate your code
to determine if it is producing the correct data type and result.
</p>
<h2>Initializing the Class</h2>
<p>Like most other classes in CodeIgniter, the Unit Test class is initialized in your controller using the <dfn>$this->load->library</dfn> function:</p>
<code>$this->load->library('unit_test');</code>
<p>Once loaded, the Unit Test object will be available using: <dfn>$this->unit</dfn></p>
<h2>Running Tests</h2>
<p>Running a test involves supplying a test and an expected result to the following function:</p>
<h2>$this->unit->run( <var>test</var>, <var>expected result</var>, '<var>test name</var>' );</h2>
<p>Where <var>test</var> is the result of the code you wish to test,
<var>expected result</var> is the data type you expect, and <var>test name</var> is an optional name you can give your test. Example:</p>
<code>$test = 1 + 1;<br />
<br />
$expected_result = 2;<br />
<br />
$test_name = 'Adds one plus one';<br />
<br />
$this->unit->run($test, $expected_result, $test_name);</code>
<p>The expected result you supply can either be a literal match, or a data type match. Here's an example of a literal:</p>
<code>$this->unit->run('Foo', 'Foo');</code>
<p>Here is an example of a data type match:</p>
<code>$this->unit->run('Foo', 'is_string');</code>
<p>Notice the use of "is_string" in the second parameter? This tells the function to evaluate whether your test is producing a string
as the result. Here is a list of allowed comparison types:</p>
<ul>
<li>is_string</li>
<li>is_bool</li>
<li>is_true</li>
<li>is_false</li>
<li>is_int</li>
<li>is_numeric</li>
<li>is_float</li>
<li>is_double</li>
<li>is_array</li>
<li>is_null</li>
</ul>
<h2>Generating Reports</h2>
<p>You can either display results after each test, or your can run several tests and generate a report at the end.
To show a report directly simply echo or return the <var>run</var> function:</p>
<code>echo $this->unit->run($test, $expected_result);</code>
<p>To run a full report of all tests, use this:</p>
<code>echo $this->unit->report();</code>
<p>The report will be formatted in an HTML table for viewing. If you prefer the raw data you can retrieve an array using:</p>
<code>echo $this->unit->result();</code>
<h2>Strict Mode</h2>
<p>By default the unit test class evaluates literal matches loosely. Consider this example:</p>
<code>$this->unit->run(1, TRUE);</code>
<p>The test is evaluating an integer, but the expected result is a boolean. PHP, however, due to it's loose data-typing
will evaluate the above code as TRUE using a normal equality test:</p>
<code>if (1 == TRUE) echo 'This evaluates as true';</code>
<p>If you prefer, you can put the unit test class in to strict mode, which will compare the data type as well as the value:</p>
<code>if (1 === TRUE) echo 'This evaluates as FALSE';</code>
<p>To enable strict mode use this:</p>
<code>$this->unit->use_strict(TRUE);</code>
<h2>Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</h2>
<p>If you would like to leave some testing in place in your scripts, but not have it run unless you need it, you can disable
unit testing using:</p>
<code>$this->unit->active(FALSE)</code>
<h2>Creating a Template</h2>
<p>If you would like your test results formatted differently then the default you can set your own template. Here is an
example of a simple template. Note the required pseudo-variables:</p>
<code>
$str = '<br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1"><br />
<kbd>{rows}</kbd><br />
<tr><br />
<td><kbd>{item}</kbd></td><br />
<td><kbd>{result}</kbd></td><br />
</tr><br />
<kbd>{/rows}</kbd><br />
</table>';<br />
<br />
$this->unit->set_template($str);
</code>
<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> Your template must be declared <strong>before</strong> running the unit test process.</p>
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