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href="../helpers/cookie_helper.html">Cookie Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/date_helper.html">Date Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/directory_helper.html">Directory Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/download_helper.html">Download Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/email_helper.html">Email Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/file_helper.html">File Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/form_helper.html">Form Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/inflector_helper.html">Inflector Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/language_helper.html">Language Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/number_helper.html">Number Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/path_helper.html">Path Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/security_helper.html">Security Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/smiley_helper.html">Smiley Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap"> <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation"> <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i> <a href="../index.html">CodeIgniter</a> </nav> <div class="wy-nav-content"> <div class="rst-content"> <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation"> <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li> <li><a href="index.html">General Topics</a> »</li> <li>CodeIgniter URLs</li> <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> </li> <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> </div> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div role="main" class="document"> <div class="section" id="codeigniter-urls"> <h1>CodeIgniter URLs<a class="headerlink" href="#codeigniter-urls" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>By default, URLs in CodeIgniter are designed to be search-engine and human friendly. Rather than using the standard “query string” approach to URLs that is synonymous with dynamic systems, CodeIgniter uses a <strong>segment-based</strong> approach:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">news</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">article</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">my_article</span> </pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">Query string URLs can be optionally enabled, as described below.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="uri-segments"> <h2>URI Segments<a class="headerlink" href="#uri-segments" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>The segments in the URL, in following with the Model-View-Controller approach, usually represent:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">class</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">ID</span> </pre></div> </div> <ol class="arabic simple"> <li>The first segment represents the controller <strong>class</strong> that should be invoked.</li> <li>The second segment represents the class <strong>function</strong>, or method, that should be called.</li> <li>The third, and any additional segments, represent the ID and any variables that will be passed to the controller.</li> </ol> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/uri.html"><em>URI Library</em></a> and the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html"><em>URL Helper</em></a> contain functions that make it easy to work with your URI data. In addition, your URLs can be remapped using the <a class="reference internal" href="routing.html"><em>URI Routing</em></a> feature for more flexibility.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="removing-the-index-php-file"> <h2>Removing the index.php file<a class="headerlink" href="#removing-the-index-php-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>By default, the <strong>index.php</strong> file will be included in your URLs:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">php</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">news</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">article</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">my_article</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>If your Apache server has <em>mod_rewrite</em> enabled, you can easily remove this file by using a .htaccess file with some simple rules. Here is an example of such a file, using the “negative” method in which everything is redirected except the specified items:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] </pre></div> </div> <p>In the above example, any HTTP request other than those for existing directories and existing files is treated as a request for your index.php file.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">These specific rules might not work for all server configurations.</p> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">Make sure to also exclude from the above rule any assets that you might need to be accessible from the outside world.</p> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="adding-a-url-suffix"> <h2>Adding a URL Suffix<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-a-url-suffix" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>In your <strong>config/config.php</strong> file you can specify a suffix that will be added to all URLs generated by CodeIgniter. For example, if a URL is this:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">php</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">products</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">view</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">shoes</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>You can optionally add a suffix, like <strong>.html,</strong> making the page appear to be of a certain type:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">php</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">products</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">view</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">shoes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">html</span> </pre></div> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="enabling-query-strings"> <h2>Enabling Query Strings<a class="headerlink" href="#enabling-query-strings" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>In some cases you might prefer to use query strings URLs:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">php</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nx">products</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nx">view</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">345</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>CodeIgniter optionally supports this capability, which can be enabled in your <strong>application/config.php</strong> file. If you open your config file you’ll see these items:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'enable_query_strings'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'controller_trigger'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'c'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'function_trigger'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'m'</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>If you change “enable_query_strings” to TRUE this feature will become active. Your controllers and functions will then be accessible using the “trigger” words you’ve set to invoke your controllers and methods:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">php</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nx">controller</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nx">method</span> </pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">If you are using query strings you will have to build your own URLs, rather than utilizing the URL helpers (and other helpers that generate URLs, like some of the form helpers) as these are designed to work with segment based URLs.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> <a href="controllers.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Controllers">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> <a href="index.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="General Topics"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> </div> <hr/> <div role="contentinfo"> <p> © Copyright 2014 - 2016, British Columbia Institute of Technology. Last updated on Mar 21, 2016. </p> </div> Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. </footer> </div> </div> </section> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT:'../', VERSION:'3.0.6', COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', HAS_SOURCE: false }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function () { SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); }); </script> </body> </html>